CS605 GDB Solution Due Date July 05, 2012

                                           CS605 GDB Solution Due Date July 05, 2012                                           

Topic:
There are number of methods for measuring the size of the software e.g. Lines of code (LOC), Number of objects, Functional points (FP) etc.
A part of the community is using these metrics to measure the size of software applications; however other part of community suspects their accuracy and claims that these metrics do not provide the appropriate way to measure the size. What is your opinion, justify or contradict with logical reasons.
Try to provide precise, to the point answer and avoid irrelevant details. Answer should not exceed 200 words.

Solution:
As software develops we get better at formulating good strategies for development, and better at trapping errors. (1) But at the same time the demand for increasingly more capable software means the programs get larger and more complex. [ Example - - early word processing software e.g. WordStar was not capable of displaying true page layout or typeface. But it fitted on a floppy disk (360k) and ran under DOS on a 640k memory. Currently Windows + Office needs 4G of system memory And every line of code increases the likelihood of a "bug". So what you define as quality depends on the level of sophistication you require and the amount of bugs you can tolerate

CS302 GDB Solution Spring 2012

Importance of Memory Elements in Digital Circuits

Solution:
We know that there are circuits in which theoutput at any instant of time depends not only on the present input of thesystem but also on the past outputs obtained by the system. Such logic circuitsare called sequential logic circuits. We know that sequential logic circuitdepends also on the past output of the system. So they require a memory elementto store the past outputs. For this purpose the flip-flops are used. 
Flip-flops are nothing but thememory elements used in the sequential circuits for storing the past output ofthe system. A flip-flop circuit can maintain a binary state indefinitely untildirected by any input signal to switch states. So proved that memory elementare essential for digital circuits because these memory elements are the backbone of digital circuits and these are required to store the outputs

Solution 2:
Digital electronics represent signals by discrete bands of analog levels, rather than by a continuous range. All levels within a band represent the same signal state. Relatively small changes to the analog signal levels due to manufacturing tolerance, signal attenuation or parasitic noise do not leave the discrete envelope, and as a result are ignored by signal state sensing circuitry.
In most cases the number of these states is two, and they are represented by two voltage bands: one near a reference value (typically termed as “ground” or zero volts) and a value near the supply voltage, corresponding to the “false” (“0″) and “true” (“1″) values of the Boolean domain respectively.
Digital techniques are useful because it is easier to get an electronic device to switch into one of a number of known states than to accurately reproduce a continuous range of values.
Digital electronic circuits are usually made from large assemblies of logic gates, simple electronic representations of Boolean logic functions.

Advantages
One advantage of digital circuits when compared to analog circuits is  signals represented digitally can be transmitted without degradation due to noise. For example, a continuous audio signal, transmitted as a sequence of 1s and 0s, can be reconstructed without error provided the noise picked up in transmission is not enough to prevent identification of the 1s and 0s. An hour of music can be stored on a compact disc using about 6 billion binary digits.
In a digital system, a more precise representation of a signal can be obtained by using more binary digits to represent it. While this requires more digital circuits to process the signals, each digit is handled by the same kind of hardware. In an analog system, additional resolution requires fundamental improvements in the linearity and noise characteristics of each step of the signal chain.
Computer-controlled digital systems can be controlled by software, allowing new functions to be added without changing hardware. Often this can be done outside of the factory by updating the product’s software. So, the product’s design errors can be corrected after the product is in a customer’s hands.
Information storage can be easier in digital systems than in analog ones. The noise-immunity of digital systems permits data to be stored and retrieved without degradation. In an analog system, noise from aging and wear degrade the information stored. In a digital system, as long as the total noise is below a certain level, the information can be recovered perfectly.

CS609 Assignment 05 solution

S.No.	Question	Answer
1	Whether this entry represents an active partition? (3 marks)	No
2	What is the starting CHS address of the partition represented by this entry? Give answer in proper (C, H, S) format. (4 marks)	(1016, 161, 1)
3	What type of partition is represented by this entry? (3 marks)	FAT32
4	What is the ending CHS address of the partition represented by this entry? Give answer in proper (C, H, S) format. (4 marks)	(1023, 9, 63) Not confirm
5	What is the starting Sector of the partition represented by this entry? (3 marks)	63
6	What is the size of the partition represented by this entry? (in sectors) (3 marks)	20482812